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Hyperbolizaion of Polyhedra

I gave a talk in the Farb and Friends Student Seminar (back in March!) on:

Davis, Michael W.; Januszkiewicz, Tadeusz Hyperbolization of polyhedra. J. Differential Geom. 34 (1991), no. 2, 347—388.

This is an awesome paper—well-worth a few words on every blog!

The construction is way easier than you might think. The ingredients:

  • A model space X with a map f : X \to \Delta^n
  • Any simplicial complex K with a nondegenerate (edge-non-collapsing) map K \to \Delta^n (if having a map to \Delta^n seems like a bother, note that the barycentric subdivision K' comes with a map to \Delta^n for free).

Let X_J = f^{-1}(J) for J a subcomplex of \Delta^n; we think of this as decomposing X into pieces resembling a simplex.

Now the construction is easy: replace each simplex in K with a corresponding piece of X. Or more formally, build the fiber product of X and |K| over \Delta^n; this fiber product is denoted by X \tilde{\Delta} K in the paper. From this, we get a natural map f_K : X \tilde{\Delta} K \to K.

The vague upshot is this: features of X translate into features of X \tilde{\Delta} K, while nonetheless preserving features of K. Here are a couple of examples of how assumptions on X lead to consequence for X \tilde{\Delta} K.

  • If X is path-connected, and for each codimension 1 face \alpha of \Delta^n, we have X_{\alpha} \neq \varnothing, then \pi_1(f_K) : \pi_1(X \tilde{\Delta} K) \to \pi_1(K) is a surjection.
  • If X and K are PL-manifolds, and \dim X_J = \dim J, and \partial X_J = X_{\partial J}, then X \tilde{\Delta} K is a PL-manifold.

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