# Bounded homotopy theory Joint work with Crichton Ogle

In controlled topology, notions like homotopy are refined to include a condition on their size, measured via a reference map to a metric space. There are different versions of controlled topology in current use, including bounded control and continuous control. But there are other versions of control that are worth considering.

That is not so surprising: much of the success of geometric group theory comes by thinking about asymptotic invariants of a group as a metric space [1], but one can consider other asymptotic invariants for spaces.

Question. When does a CW complex have the homotopy type of a complex having polynomially many cells in dimension ?

This is a quantitative version of Wall’s finiteness obstruction [2]. Interestingly, a space might have Poincaré duality but not in a polynomially bounded sense, so there are analogies to be made between this project and the homology manifold projects.

Crichton Ogle has developed polynomially bounded cohomology [3]. I have collaborated with Ogle to work through the foundations of polynomially bounded—and more generally, -bounded—homotopy theory [4], which would be one framework within which the above question could be addressed. Specifically, given a bounding class , we construct a bounded refinement of Quillen’s -theory functor from rings to spaces. As defined, is a functor from weighted rings to spaces, and is equipped with a comparison map induced by “forgetting control.” In contrast to the situation with -bounded cohomology, there is a functorial splitting where is the homotopy fiber of the comparison map.

Finally, there is also an analogy to be made between “weighted rings” and the geometric modules of Quinn [5], along with -bounded homotopy theory and controlled topology. Much of our work in [4] is in building an appropriate -bounded Waldhausen category. At the point where one can define -bounded Waldhausen categories, why not go all the way and consider a -bounded model theory?

Christensen and Munkholm have placed continuous and bounded notions of control into a common, categorical framework [6]; Higson–Pedersen–Roe have introduced a different framework unifying various kinds of coarse spaces, from an analytic perspective [7]. Weiss–Williams formulate some examples of control within Waldhausen categories with duality [8]. All of these notions could be unified into a single theory of controlled model categories. Anderson’s homotopy theory for boundedly controlled topology [9] is a starting point.

There is some precedent for considering a controlled model category, namely the parametrized homotopy theory of May–Sigurdsson [10]. This latter theory, however, is more topological than geometric—the reference maps are not to metric spaces. Nevertheless, elucidating the precise relationship between the parametrized homotopy theory of May–Sigurdsson and the spectral cosheaves used in stratified surgery (see [11]) would be very worthwhile.

[1] M. Gromov, Asymptotic invariants of infinite groups, in: Geometric Group Theory, Vol. 2 (Sussex, 1991), Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1993: pp. 1–295.

[2] C.T.C. Wall, Finiteness conditions for -complexes, Ann. Of Math. (2). 81 (1965) 56–69. https://doi.org/10.2307/1970382.

[3] C. Ogle, Polynomially bounded cohomology and discrete groups, J. Pure Appl. Algebra. 195 (2005) 173–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpaa.2004.06.009.

[4] J. Fowler, C. Ogle, Bounded homotopy theory and the -theory of weighted complexes, Tr. Mat. Inst. Steklova. 275 (2011) 210–226. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0081543811080141.

[5] F. Quinn, Geometric algebra, in: Algebraic and Geometric Topology (New Brunswick, N.J., 1983), Springer, Berlin, 1985: pp. 182–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0074444.

[6] R.D. Christensen, H.J. Munkholm, Topology with monoidal control, Homology Homotopy Appl. 4 (2002) 213–234. https://doi.org/10.4310/hha.2002.v4.n1.a12.

[7] N. Higson, E.K. Pedersen, J. Roe, -algebras and controlled topology, -Theory. 11 (1997) 209–239. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007705726771.

[8] M. Weiss, B. Williams, Duality in Waldhausen categories, Forum Math. 10 (1998) 533–603. https://doi.org/10.1515/form.10.5.533.

[9] D.R. Anderson, H.J. Munkholm, Boundedly controlled topology, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1988. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0079806.

[10] J.P. May, J. Sigurdsson, Parametrized homotopy theory, American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1090/surv/132.

[11] S. Weinberger, The topological classification of stratified spaces, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 1994.